— 基本照護與舒適 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助一名行動不便的病人進行床至椅的移位，應優先採取哪種技巧以預防肌肉骨骼損傷？
A nurse is assisting an immobile client with bed-to-chair transfer. Which technique should the nurse prioritize to prevent musculoskeletal injury?
- ATwist the torso to pivot the client into the chair扭轉軀幹以將病人旋轉至椅子上
- BKeep the client close to the nurse's center of gravity✓ 正解將病人保持在護理師的重心附近
- CExtend the arms fully to maintain distance from the client完全伸展雙臂以與病人保持距離
- DBend at the waist while lifting the client搬運病人時彎腰
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
護理師執行移位時，應利用大腿肌肉而非腰部肌肉，並將病人身體靠近身體重心。縮短力矩可以減少脊椎負荷。扭轉軀幹與過度伸展手臂皆會大幅增加腰椎壓力，導致職業傷害。正確的人體工學強調膝蓋屈曲、背部挺直與使用髖關節力量。
To prevent musculoskeletal injury during transfers, the nurse should keep the client close to their center of gravity to reduce the lever arm and minimize lumbar strain. Proper body mechanics involve bending at the knees, keeping the back straight, and using leg muscles rather than twisting the torso or extending the arms fully.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調護理人體工學，但美國醫院常配置機械移位輔具且強制使用，台灣臨床仍依賴人工搬運情形較多。