護理師為高齡病人執行衛生護理，下列何者展現了正確的照護方式？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing hygiene care for an older adult client. Which nursing action demonstrates appropriate care? (Select all that apply.)
- ABathe the client daily using a mild, non-drying soap使用溫和且不致乾燥的肥皂每日為病人洗澡
- BApply lotion to skin while it is still damp✓ 正解在皮膚仍潮濕時塗抹乳液
- CInspect skin for any signs of breakdown during the bath✓ 正解在洗澡期間檢查皮膚是否有破損跡象
- DUse very hot water to ensure thorough cleaning使用非常熱的水以確保徹底清潔
- EPat the skin dry rather than rubbing vigorously✓ 正解輕拍皮膚使其乾燥，而非用力擦拭
高齡病人的皮膚特徵為表皮變薄、皮脂腺分泌減少，易發生乾燥、龜裂與感染。衛生護理應採取保護性措施：使用溫和清潔劑、避免過度摩擦以拍乾皮膚、塗抹乳液以維持皮膚完整性。此外，沐浴過程中是進行全身皮膚檢查（Skin Assessment）的最佳時機，可及時發現壓瘡前期表現（如發紅、破損）。過熱的水會加重乾燥與搔癢，應避免使用。
The skin of older adults is characterized by a thinned epidermis and reduced sebaceous secretion, predisposing to dryness, cracking, and infection. Hygiene care should adopt protective measures: use a gentle cleanser, pat the skin dry rather than rubbing to avoid friction, and apply lotion to maintain skin integrity. In addition, the bath is the best opportunity to perform a head-to-toe skin assessment, allowing early detection of precursors of pressure injury such as redness or breakdown. Very hot water exacerbates dryness and itching and should be avoided.