— 照護管理 · HARD · SATA —
護理師向病人解釋「知情同意」的概念時，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following should the nurse include when explaining the concept of 'informed consent' to a client? (Select all that apply.)
- AThe risks and benefits of the procedure✓ 正解該程序的風險與益處
- BAlternative treatment options available✓ 正解可用的替代治療選項
- CThe right to withdraw consent at any time✓ 正解隨時撤回同意的權利
- DThe nurse's role in performing the procedure護理師執行該程序的職責
- EThe potential consequences of refusing the procedure✓ 正解拒絕該程序的可能後果
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
知情同意的核心是讓病人能在充分資訊下做出自主決策。這包括告知風險利益、替代方案、拒絕的後果，以及隨時可撤銷權利。選項 D 錯誤，告知過程應由醫師執行，且護理師的角色是見證簽名與確認認知，而非負責執行手術。
Informed consent requires the healthcare provider to disclose the procedure's risks, benefits, alternatives, and consequences of refusal, ensuring the client makes an autonomous decision with the right to withdraw consent at any time. The nurse's role is limited to witnessing the signature and verifying that the client understands, rather than explaining the procedure details, which is the provider's responsibility.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對知情同意皆極度重視；台灣臨床常由護理師協助解釋，但法律明定須由醫師親自說明。