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護理師為新診斷糖尿病的病人辦理出院。衛教計畫應包含哪些內容?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is preparing to discharge a client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which information should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

  • ATechniques for self-administration of insulin✓ 正解
    自行注射胰島素的技巧
  • BRecognizing signs of hypoglycemia✓ 正解
    辨識低血糖徵兆
  • CImportance of daily foot inspections✓ 正解
    每日檢查足部的重要性
  • DLimiting physical exercise to prevent blood sugar spikes
    限制體力活動以防止血糖飆升
  • EHow to rotate insulin injection sites✓ 正解
    如何輪替胰島素注射部位
Explanation · 中文詳解

針對新診斷糖尿病病人的出院衛教,核心目標是賦予病人自我管理疾病的能力,以預防急性併發症(如低血糖、高血糖高滲透壓狀態)並延緩慢性併發症。護理重點應聚焦於胰島素使用安全、血糖監測、足部護理及生活型態調整。衛教計畫應確保病人能正確操作胰島素注射、學會辨識低血糖症狀並採取應對措施,同時透過每日足部檢查預防糖尿病足潰瘍。運動雖為糖尿病管理的重要一環,但需採取安全且規律的方式,不可盲目限制。

The priority nursing intervention for a client with deep vein thrombosis is to prevent the thrombus from dislodging and causing a pulmonary embolism. Massaging the affected leg is strictly contraindicated because mechanical pressure can dislodge the clot. Instead, nurses should elevate the extremity to promote venous return and administer anticoagulants as prescribed.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國臨床,糖尿病衛教高度強調「自我管理教育與支持(DSMES)」,護理師需確認病人是否具備操作針具與計算碳水化合物的能力。台灣臨床常見由衛教師主導,美國則更強調護理師在出院前必須落實各項教學評估(Teach-back method),確保病人能獨立執行。

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