— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師正準備為低血鉀病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀。給藥前最重要的安全評估是什麼？
A nurse is administering a dose of IV potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. What is the most critical safety assessment to perform prior to infusion?
- AConfirm the client’s serum glucose level確認病人的血清葡萄糖濃度
- BCheck the client’s blood pressure測量病人的血壓
- CAssess the peripheral IV site for infiltration評估周邊靜脈注射部位是否有滲漏
- DVerify the urine output is at least 30 mL/hr✓ 正解確認尿液輸出量至少為每小時 30 mL
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注鉀離子前，必須確保腎功能正常，因鉀主要由腎臟排泄。若尿量低於 30 mL/hr，表示腎功能受損，輸入鉀離子易導致高血鉀與致命性心律不整。其他項目固然重要，但確認排尿量是給予鉀離子藥物前的首要安全指標。
Adequate urine output is the most critical safety indicator because the kidneys are responsible for excreting excess potassium. Verifying a urine output of at least 30 mL/hr ensures renal function is sufficient to prevent life-threatening hyperkalemia and arrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美均嚴格執行給鉀前尿量監測，因鉀離子具高警訊藥物屬性，給藥前須雙人核對。