— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人被處方使用袢利尿劑。哪個電解質不平衡與此藥物最常見相關？
A client is prescribed a loop diuretic. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with this medication?
- AHyperkalemia高血鉀症
- BHypokalemia✓ 正解低血鉀症
- CHypercalcemia高血鈣症
- DHyponatremia低血鈉症
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
袢利尿劑 (Loop diuretics)，如呋塞米 (Furosemide)，主要作用於亨利氏環 (Loop of Henle) 的上升支，抑制鈉、鉀、氯的再吸收。由於這些藥物會顯著增加尿液中鉀離子的排泄量，因此低血鉀 (Hypokalemia) 是最常見且需要密切監測的電解質不平衡。護理師應評估病人的心律變化與肌肉無力症狀。
Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, act primarily on the ascending limb of the Loop of Henle, inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride. Because these drugs significantly increase the excretion of potassium ions in the urine, hypokalemia is the most common and closely monitored electrolyte imbalance. The nurse should assess the patient for changes in heart rhythm and symptoms of muscle weakness.