— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
ACE 抑制劑預期的治療效果為何？（選所有適合的）
Which are the expected therapeutic effects of using an ACE inhibitor? (Select all that apply.)
- ALowering systemic blood pressure✓ 正解降低全身血壓
- BReducing the workload of the heart✓ 正解減輕心臟負擔
- CPromoting sodium and water excretion✓ 正解促進鈉和水排泄
- DIncreasing peripheral vasoconstriction增加周邊血管收縮
- EReducing left ventricular remodeling✓ 正解減少左心室重塑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ACE 抑制劑（ACEI）透過抑制血管張力素轉化酶，減少血管張力素 II 的生成，從而達到血管擴張、降低全身血壓的效果。此機轉能有效減少心臟後負荷，減少心肌氧氣需求。同時，由於抑制了醛固酮的分泌，能促進水鈉排出，減輕體液滯留。對於心衰竭病人，ACEI 還能改善心室重塑（Ventricular remodeling），提升心臟長期功能。
ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme and reduce the formation of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and lowering of systemic blood pressure. This mechanism effectively reduces cardiac afterload and myocardial oxygen demand. Because aldosterone secretion is also suppressed, sodium and water excretion is promoted, alleviating fluid retention. For clients with heart failure, ACEIs also improve ventricular remodeling and enhance long-term cardiac function.