— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人診斷為急性腎損傷，護理師預期會看到哪一項實驗室數值異常？
A client is diagnosed with acute kidney injury. Which laboratory value should the nurse expect to see?
- ADecreased serum potassium血清鉀降低
- BDecreased serum creatinine血清肌酸酐降低
- CIncreased blood urea nitrogen✓ 正解血液尿素氮升高
- DIncreased hemoglobin血紅素升高
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性腎損傷（AKI）導致腎絲球過濾率下降，造成含氮廢物無法排出。BUN（血中尿素氮）會因為腎功能受損而升高。肌酸酐（Creatinine）亦會升高而非降低，鉀離子通常隨腎功能下降而升高，血紅素則可能因促紅血球生成素分泌不足而貧血。
In acute kidney injury, the glomerular filtration rate decreases, impairing the excretion of nitrogenous wastes and causing blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels to rise. Serum creatinine also increases rather than decreases, while potassium typically rises due to reduced renal excretion.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常主導數據評估與通報流程；台灣醫療環境中，護理師發現異常後通常口頭報告給值班醫師確認。