— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位剛完成全髖關節置換術的病人，為預防假體脫位，應維持哪種姿勢？
A nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone a total hip arthroplasty. Which position should the nurse maintain for the client to prevent dislocation of the prosthesis?
- AFlex the hip beyond 90 degrees while sitting坐著時將髖關節屈曲超過90度
- BPerform internal rotation of the operative leg執行患肢內旋
- CMaintain the operative hip in abduction using a wedge pillow✓ 正解使用楔形枕維持患側髖關節外展
- DKeep the operative hip in adduction保持患側髖關節內收
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術後的擺位關鍵在於維持患肢外展，避免內收、過度屈曲（>90度）及內旋。使用外展枕可保持假體在關節窩內，預防手術後早期常見的脫位風險。術後衛教應教導病人避免彎腰或交叉雙腿，以維持關節穩定性。
To prevent dislocation after total hip arthroplasty, the nurse must maintain the operative hip in abduction using a wedge pillow. This positioning keeps the prosthesis aligned within the acetabulum and avoids high-risk movements such as adduction, internal rotation, or flexion beyond 90 degrees.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美兩地在術後擺位標準一致，惟台灣臨床常過度依賴外展枕，美國則更強調病人早期離床活動時的活動限制衛教。