護理師準備執行 IV piggyback（靜脈點滴並聯）給藥，下列哪些措施是確保病人安全的關鍵？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer an IV piggyback medication. Which of the following is essential for the nurse to perform to ensure client safety? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify the medication against the physician's order✓ 正解核對藥物與醫師醫囑是否相符
- BConfirm the compatibility of the secondary medication with the primary IV solution✓ 正解確認次要給藥藥物與主要靜脈輸液之相容性
- CPerform the three checks and the six rights of medication administration✓ 正解執行給藥的三查六對
- DCalculate the drip rate manually without checking the smart pump settings在不檢查智慧型幫浦設定下手動計算滴速
- EFlush the primary line with heparin before connecting the piggyback在連接並聯給藥前，以肝素沖洗主要管路
執行靜脈並聯給藥（Piggyback）時，安全性是護理的首要考量。首先，藥物確認（A）是基礎中的基礎，確保劑量與給藥途徑正確；相容性（B）測試至關重要，因為若主線點滴液與並聯藥物產生沉澱，會造成嚴重的靜脈栓塞或藥效失效；三讀五對（C）是醫療機構防治給藥錯誤的核心程序。選項 D 為致命錯誤，現代醫院多使用智慧型幫浦（Smart Pump），手算流速極易因人為計算錯誤導致給藥過快或過慢，增加心血管風險。選項 E 是錯誤的步驟，雖然沖管是必要的，但使用肝素（Heparin）來沖洗輸液管並非 Piggyback 給藥前的常規程序，通常只在封管時使用。
Verifying the medication against the physician's order and confirming compatibility with the primary IV solution are critical to prevent dosage errors and precipitation-induced embolisms. Performing the three checks and six rights of medication administration is mandatory for all drug deliveries. Smart pumps should be used rather than manual calculations to minimize infusion errors, and heparin is not routinely used for flushing lines before piggyback administration.
美國護理實務中，藥物條碼給藥系統（BCMA）極為普遍，護理師必須掃描藥物與病人條碼；台灣雖亦引進此系統，但在高壓環境下，部分護理師仍可能因器材故障或急迫情況採取人工對藥，這是安全上的隱憂。