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生理適應 · EASY · MCQ

一位糖尿病病人被發現意識不清且處於低血糖狀態。護理師應採取哪項適切措施?

A client with diabetes mellitus is found unconscious and hypoglycemic. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?

  • AAdminister 15g of oral glucose
    給予 15 克口服葡萄糖
  • BWait for the client to wake up before acting
    等待病人清醒後再採取行動
  • CGive the client a diet soda
    給病人喝無糖汽水
  • DAdminister 50% dextrose IV push✓ 正解
    靜脈推注 50% 葡萄糖
Explanation · 中文詳解

低血糖導致的意識不清(Unconscious hypoglycemia)屬於醫療急症。護理核心在於維持氣道安全(Airway safety)。病人處於昏迷狀態時,絕對不可給予任何口服物,以免造成吸入性肺炎(Aspiration pneumonia)。正確行動是透過靜脈路徑給予 D50W,若無 IV 路徑,則應注射升糖素(Glucagon)。

Administering 50% dextrose IV push is the appropriate action because oral intake is contraindicated in unconscious clients due to the high risk of aspiration. Immediate treatment is critical to prevent brain damage, and IV dextrose provides the necessary glucose safely and rapidly.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國臨床對於低血糖處理流程非常嚴謹(Hypoglycemia protocol),若病人無法吞嚥,護理師依據 Standing order 即可立即給予 D50W 或 Glucagon,不需等待醫師逐一開立醫囑。

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