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生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ

護理師照護一位疑似肺栓塞的病人。哪項診斷性檢查最適合確診?

A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which diagnostic test would be most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?

  • AVentilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan
    通氣/灌流 (V/Q) 掃描
  • BChest X-ray
    胸部 X 光
  • CComputed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA)✓ 正解
    電腦斷層肺血管攝影 (CTPA)
  • DElectrocardiogram (ECG)
    心電圖 (ECG)
Explanation · 中文詳解

肺栓塞(Pulmonary Embolism, PE)的診斷核心在於影像確認。CTPA(電腦斷層肺動脈攝影)利用對比劑顯影,能準確定位肺動脈內的血栓位置與大小,是目前臨床確診 PE 的黃金標準(Gold Standard)。護理師在接獲疑似 PE 的病人時,除了評估呼吸窘迫症狀外,應準備相關檢查並確保病人無對比劑過敏或腎功能衰竭的禁忌症。

Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the gold standard for confirming pulmonary embolism because it accurately visualizes thrombi in the pulmonary arteries. While other tests like V/Q scans or ECGs provide supportive data, they lack the diagnostic precision required for definitive confirmation.

✦ 台美臨床差異

在美國臨床實務中,若懷疑 PE,優先選擇 CTPA 已是標準流程,唯需注意腎功能(Creatinine/eGFR)是否適合注射對比劑。

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