— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
護理師在診斷為甲狀腺功能亢進的病人身上，預期會觀察到哪些徵象？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings should the nurse expect in a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism? (Select all that apply.)
- AHeat intolerance✓ 正解不耐熱
- BWeight gain體重增加
- CTachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
- DExophthalmos✓ 正解眼球突出
- EBradycardia心搏過緩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺亢進導致基礎代謝率增加，臨床表現為怕熱（Heat intolerance）、心跳過速（Tachycardia）、突眼（Exophthalmos）、體重減輕（而非增加）與腹瀉。心跳變慢是甲狀腺功能低下的特徵。這些症狀反映交感神經過度興奮及代謝加速的生理適應異常。
Hyperthyroidism increases the basal metabolic rate, leading to heat intolerance, tachycardia, and weight loss rather than gain. Exophthalmos is a specific sign often associated with Graves' disease, whereas bradycardia is characteristic of hypothyroidism.
✦ 台美臨床差異
甲狀腺亢進的衛教重點在於飲食與情緒管理，兩地臨床照護重點相似，但美國更強調突眼引起的乾眼症護理。