— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師對新診斷第一型糖尿病的病人進行衛教，應告知病人識別哪些低血糖症狀？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Which signs of hypoglycemia should the nurse instruct the client to recognize? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- BTremors✓ 正解顫抖
- CPolydipsia多飲
- DConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心跳過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖導致交感神經興奮，產生流汗、顫抖、心搏過速等症狀，並因腦部葡萄糖不足產生神經低血糖症狀如混亂。多渴（Polydipsia）是高血糖的典型症狀而非低血糖，應避免混淆。病人需學會這些症狀以便及時補充快速吸收的碳水化合物。
Hypoglycemia triggers sympathetic nervous system activation, resulting in autonomic symptoms such as diaphoresis, tremors, and tachycardia. Neuroglycopenia due to insufficient glucose delivery to the brain causes confusion. Polydipsia is a symptom of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國衛教強調自我管理與辨識；台灣醫療文化中病人較依賴家屬與醫護人員，衛教重點在於辨識後的回報。