— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位艱難梭菌（C. difficile）感染的病人。為預防傳播，護理師應優先採用哪種防護措施？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridioides difficile. Which personal protective equipment should the nurse prioritize to prevent transmission?
- APerform hand hygiene with soap and water✓ 正解使用肥皂和水進行手部衛生
- BUse alcohol-based hand sanitizer after contact接觸後使用含酒精的乾洗手液
- CWear a surgical mask and face shield佩戴外科口罩和面罩
- DWear a N95 respirator mask佩戴 N95 呼吸器口罩
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
艱難梭菌（Clostridioides difficile, C. diff）的孢子對酒精類乾洗手液具高度抗性，無法被殺死。預防傳播最關鍵的措施是使用「肥皂與流動清水」進行手部衛生，透過機械摩擦將孢子從皮膚上物理性沖洗去除。此外，C. diff 屬接觸傳染，護理時需執行接觸性隔離（穿手套、隔離衣），環境消毒應使用含氯漂白水。N95 口罩用於空氣傳染（如結核），外科口罩用於飛沫傳染，皆非 C. diff 首要防護重點。
Soap and water should be prioritized for hand hygiene because mechanical friction physically removes C. difficile spores, which are resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers. Since C. diff spreads via contact precautions, proper handwashing is critical to preventing transmission.