— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人被診斷為急性胰臟炎，護理師應優先執行的飲食介入措施為何？
A client is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Which dietary intervention is priority for the nurse to implement?
- AAdminister protein supplements給予蛋白質補充劑
- BProvide a high-fat diet提供高脂飲食
- CMaintain NPO status✓ 正解維持禁食狀態
- DEncourage clear liquids immediately立即鼓勵攝取清流質
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎的病理機轉在於胰酶在胰臟內提前活化，導致胰臟自體消化與發炎。治療的核心原則是「讓胰臟休息」（Rest the pancreas），以減少胰液分泌。因此，維持禁食（NPO）是首要措施，直到腹痛緩解且腸鳴音恢復。此階段應由靜脈輸液維持營養與體液平衡。任何經口進食，特別是脂肪類食物，都會嚴重刺激胰臟分泌，導致病情惡化。
The priority intervention for acute pancreatitis is maintaining NPO status to rest the pancreas and reduce enzymatic secretion that causes autodigestion. Oral intake, especially fats, stimulates pancreatic activity and can worsen inflammation, so nutrition is supported intravenously until pain resolves and bowel sounds return.