— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師評估一位有甲狀腺亢進病史，現出現甲狀腺功能低下症狀的病人。哪種症狀最符合甲狀腺功能低下？
A nurse is assessing a client with a history of hyperthyroidism who is now experiencing symptoms of hypothyroidism. Which symptom is most consistent with hypothyroidism?
- AFine, brittle hair✓ 正解細碎、易斷的頭髮
- BHeat intolerance不耐熱
- CWeight loss體重減輕
- DExophthalmos眼球突出
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺功能低下（Hypothyroidism）時，新陳代謝減慢，可能導致皮膚乾燥、頭髮變細、脫髮、體重增加、畏寒、疲勞等。相對地，甲狀腺功能亢進（Hyperthyroidism）會引起怕熱、體重減輕、心悸、顫抖、突眼（Exophthalmos）等。
Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, resulting in symptoms such as fine, brittle hair, dry skin, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Conversely, heat intolerance, weight loss, and exophthalmos are characteristic signs of hyperthyroidism.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國內分泌科護理師常提供甲狀腺疾病的長期照護指導；台灣病人若使用放射碘治療，需遵循嚴格的輻射安全指示，護理師的角色在於衛教與監督。