護理師教導病人關於糞便嵌塞 (fecal impaction)。哪項是嵌塞的常見症狀？

本題旨在考驗護理師對糞便嵌塞（fecal impaction）症狀的識別。核心概念是糞便嵌塞是嚴重便秘的一種形式，通常由於大量堅硬的糞便積聚在直腸或結腸，導致無法正常排出。其典型且具誤導性的症狀是「滲液型腹瀉」（overflow diarrhea）或液體糞便滲漏。這是因為液體狀的糞便從嵌塞的硬塊周圍滲出，而非正常排便。護理師必須能夠識別這種看似矛盾的症狀，因為它可能被誤診為腹瀉，從而延誤正確的治療，導致更嚴重的併發症。

This item assesses recognition of fecal impaction symptoms. Fecal impaction is a severe form of constipation in which a large mass of hard stool accumulates in the rectum or colon and cannot be passed normally. A classic and often misleading sign is paradoxical or 'overflow' diarrhea, in which liquid stool seeps around the hard mass and is mistaken for diarrhea. The nurse must recognize this paradoxical presentation, because misdiagnosis as simple diarrhea may delay appropriate management and lead to worse complications.