— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人接受靜脈輸注 Acyclovir（抗病毒藥）。下列哪項護理行為可預防腎毒性？
A client is receiving IV acyclovir. Which nursing action prevents nephrotoxicity?
- AMonitor blood glucose監測血糖
- BEncourage increased fluid intake✓ 正解鼓勵增加水分攝取
- CAdminister with antacids與制酸劑併用
- DLimit protein intake限制蛋白質攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Acyclovir 是一種抗病毒藥物，靜脈輸注時若濃度過高，容易在腎小管內形成結晶，引發阻塞性腎病變（結晶尿，Crystalluria）。因此，在輸注前後鼓勵病人攝取充足水分，能稀釋藥物濃度並加速其經腎臟排泄，這是預防腎毒性最簡單且有效的護理措施。護理師應監測病人的尿量與肌酸酐（Creatinine）水平，以評估腎功能。
Intravenous acyclovir can precipitate in renal tubules, causing crystalluria and potential nephrotoxicity. Encouraging increased fluid intake helps dilute the drug concentration and promotes its excretion, effectively preventing crystal formation. Therefore, maintaining adequate hydration is the primary nursing intervention to protect renal function during acyclovir therapy.