— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
照顧患有創傷後壓力症候群（PTSD）的個案時，護理師採取下列哪些措施是合宜的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions are appropriate for the nurse when caring for a client with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? (Select all that apply.)
- AEncourage the client to discuss the traumatic event in detail鼓勵病患詳細討論創傷事件
- BProvide a safe, calm, and non-threatening environment✓ 正解提供安全、平靜且無威脅的環境
- CAssess for suicidal ideation and self-harm risk✓ 正解評估自殺意念與自我傷害風險
- DValidate the client's feelings and experiences✓ 正解驗證病患的感受與經驗
- EMinimize the impact of the trauma to make the client feel better淡化創傷的影響以使病患感覺良好
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對創傷後壓力症候群（PTSD）個案，護理的核心原則是建立信任感與心理安全感。護理師應提供非威脅性的環境，主動評估自殺與自傷風險。強調同理心並驗證（Validate）個案的情緒是治療的基礎。強迫個案詳述創傷細節容易導致「再創傷化（Retraumatization）」，且輕視創傷會削弱治療聯盟的建立。
Care for clients with PTSD prioritizes establishing a safe, calm, and non-threatening environment to reduce hypervigilance. Nurses must validate the client's feelings to build trust and actively assess for suicidal ideation due to the strong link between PTSD and depression. Forcing detailed discussions of the trauma can cause retraumatization, and minimizing the experience invalidates the client's reality.