一位 45 歲患有廣泛性焦慮症的個案，主訴心悸、震顫及瀕死感。護理師在初期評估時應優先採取哪項措施？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with reports of palpitations, tremors, and a sense of impending doom. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize during the initial assessment?
- APerform a comprehensive physical assessment to rule out medical causes進行全面的身體評估以排除其他病因
- BAsk the client about specific triggers for the anxiety詢問個案焦慮的具體誘發因素
- CAdminister the prescribed PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方的PRN抗焦慮藥物
- DEncourage the client to breathe deeply and slowly✓ 正解鼓勵個案深呼吸並放慢速度
面對急性焦慮症狀，穩定生理狀態是首要任務。指導深呼吸技巧能直接觸發副交感神經，幫助個案控制過度換氣及減緩心跳加速。B 為後續處理，B 與 A 屬於進階評估，應在個案情緒稍微穩定後再執行，避免過度詢問加劇病人的焦慮感。
When confronting acute anxiety symptoms, stabilizing the patient's physiologic state is the first priority. Coaching the patient in deep breathing techniques directly activates the parasympathetic nervous system, helping the patient control hyperventilation and reduce tachycardia. Option C is a subsequent intervention, while options B and A represent more advanced assessments that should be carried out after the patient's emotional state has been somewhat stabilized, to avoid intensifying the patient's anxiety through excessive questioning.
美國護理常強調先使用非藥物干預（Non-pharmacological interventions），台灣臨床較快進入醫囑給藥程序。