一位病人因醫院環境因素導致失眠，護理師在照護計畫中應包含哪項措施以促進休息？
A client is experiencing insomnia due to hospital environmental factors. Which action should the nurse include in the plan of care to promote rest?
- AKeep the hallway lights bright to ensure safety for staff保持走廊燈光明亮以確保護理人員的安全
- BPerform vital signs checks every hour throughout the night整夜每小時測量生命徵象
- CCluster nursing activities to allow for longer periods of uninterrupted sleep✓ 正解集中護理活動以允許更長的不受干擾的睡眠時間
- DAdminister PRN sedative medications every evening每晚給予處方用鎮靜劑
醫院環境中的光線、噪音與頻繁的護理干擾是病患睡眠品質下降的主因。護理活動集中化（Cluster care）能最大程度減少打擾，幫助病人進入深層睡眠循環。過度依賴藥物（選項D）會破壞睡眠結構且增加老人跌倒風險。保持通道光亮（選項A）與頻繁量生命徵象（選項B）皆會造成感官過度刺激，干擾晝夜節律。護理師應平衡臨床監測需求與休息需求，除非病況極不穩定，否則應儘量減少夜間喚醒，這體現了以病人為中心的照護護理理念，能提升住院滿意度與恢復速度。
Clustering nursing activities minimizes interruptions, allowing the client longer periods of uninterrupted sleep to support circadian rhythms and promote rest. Other options, such as keeping lights bright, performing hourly vital signs, or routinely administering sedatives, disrupt sleep cycles and increase risks without addressing the root cause of environmental disturbance.
美國醫院極重視『睡眠保護計畫』，夜間會減少非必要的設備警報聲與儀器測試；台灣醫院因空間限制及病房設計，夜間查房與交班頻率較高，護理師在執行時常面臨效率與病人休息的兩難。