— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人被處方 Vancomycin 1g 靜脈注射以治療嚴重感染。下列哪項護理評估對於偵測常見不良反應最為關鍵？
A client is prescribed Vancomycin 1g IV for a severe infection. Which nursing assessment is most critical for detecting a common adverse reaction?
- AChecking for increased oral secretions檢查口腔分泌物是否增加
- BMonitoring for constipation監測是否便秘
- CMonitoring for facial flushing and hypotension✓ 正解監測面部潮紅和低血壓
- DAssessing for peripheral edema評估周邊水腫
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Vancomycin 輸注速度過快易引發紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome），表現為臉部、頸部及上半身潮紅、低血壓、瘙癢。這是釋放過多組織胺引起的反應，非過敏反應。減緩輸注速率通常能有效緩解此症狀。
Rapid infusion of vancomycin can trigger Red Man Syndrome, characterized by facial flushing, hypotension, and pruritus due to histamine release. This reaction is dose-related and not an IgE-mediated allergy, so monitoring for these symptoms during administration is critical to ensure patient safety and allow for timely intervention such as slowing the infusion rate.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆強調輸注時間限制，但美國護理師對給藥速度的監控責任更為直接，常有自動輸液幫浦設定限制。