— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在靜脈滴注氯化鉀（KCl），護理師觀察到注射部位有紅腫現象，應優先採取何種措施？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of potassium chloride. The nurse observes redness and swelling at the insertion site. Which action should the nurse take first?
- ASlow the rate of infusion減慢輸注速率
- BStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
- CApply a warm compress局部熱敷
- DNotify the healthcare provider通知醫療提供者
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀屬於高警訊藥物（High-alert medication），具有強烈血管刺激性。出現紅腫提示發生外滲（Extravasation）或靜脈炎，必須立刻停止輸注以防止組織壞死。後續處理才包含移除針頭、評估血管狀況及報告醫師。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication and is strongly vesicant to blood vessels. Redness and swelling suggest extravasation or phlebitis, and the infusion must be stopped immediately to prevent tissue necrosis. Subsequent management includes removing the needle, assessing the vein, and notifying the provider.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美臨床對於 KCl 外滲均採取嚴格防範措施，美國護理師依 protocol 處置權限較大。