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降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA

護理師正在為病人進行輸血,病人出現蕁麻疹與喘鳴聲,護理師應採取哪些措施?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is monitoring a client receiving a blood transfusion. The client develops hives and wheezing. Which actions should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)

  • AStop the transfusion immediately✓ 正解
    立即停止輸血
  • BFlush the IV line with normal saline✓ 正解
    以生理食鹽水沖洗靜脈通路
  • CNotify the healthcare provider✓ 正解
    通知醫療提供者
  • DAdminister an antihistamine as ordered✓ 正解
    依醫囑給予抗組織胺
  • EIncrease the infusion rate to clear the line
    加快輸注速率以沖管路
Explanation · 中文詳解

這是典型的過敏性輸血反應。第一步是立即停止輸血(A),並使用新的靜脈輸液管以生理食鹽水維持管路通暢(B),不可使用原本殘留血液的管路。通知醫師(C)並依醫囑給予抗組織胺或其他抗過敏藥(D)是標準流程。增加輸速(E)會使更多過敏原進入體內,絕對禁止。

This scenario describes an acute allergic transfusion reaction requiring immediate intervention. The nurse must stop the transfusion and flush the line with normal saline using a new tubing set to prevent further allergen exposure. Notifying the healthcare provider and administering ordered antihistamines are critical steps to manage symptoms and assess severity.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國醫院常見輸血反應流程圖(Protocol)極為嚴格,台灣護理師通常需先確認醫囑後才給予抗過敏藥,但在緊急停止輸血上兩者一致。

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