— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈注射氯化鉀，哪項安全措施是強制性的？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously. Which safety action is mandatory?
- AAdminister at a rate of 50 mEq/hour以 50 mEq/小時的速率給藥
- BAdminister the medication via IV push經靜脈推注給藥
- CCheck for urinary output after the infusion在輸注後檢查尿液排出量
- DDilute the medication properly✓ 正解正確稀釋藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子具有心臟毒性，嚴禁直接靜脈推注（IV Push）。臨床上必須嚴格稀釋後透過輸液幫浦給予，速率通常不超過 10-20 mEq/hr。確認尿量是給藥前檢查，而非給藥後，目的是確保腎臟功能正常以利鉀離子代謝。
Mandatory safety actions include properly diluting potassium chloride to prevent vein irritation and reducing systemic toxicity risks. Intravenous push administration is strictly prohibited as it can cause immediate cardiac arrest, and urine output must be assessed before, not after, the infusion to ensure renal excretion capability.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均對鉀離子給予設有嚴格警戒，美國醫院常需雙人核對，台灣依各院評鑑標準執行。