— 基本照護與舒適 · HARD · SATA —
護理師在忙碌的加護病房中減少感官過載。哪些措施有效？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is implementing measures to decrease sensory overload in a busy ICU. Which interventions are effective? (Select all that apply.)
- ADimming the lights during scheduled rest periods✓ 正解在計畫的休息期間調暗燈光
- BAllowing television to stay on 24/7讓電視 24 小時開著
- CSpeaking in a lower, calm tone✓ 正解以較低、平靜的語調說話
- DClustering all necessary nursing tasks✓ 正解集中安排所有必要的護理工作
- ELimiting visitors to one at a time✓ 正解限制訪客每次一人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
加護病房（ICU）環境複雜，病人易受感官過載（sensory overload）影響，進而引發 ICU 譫妄（delirium）。護理措施應著重於營造平靜環境：調暗燈光以配合生理時鐘、降低音量以減少干擾、集中護理任務（clustering）以減少頻繁打斷病人休息，以及適度限制探訪人數。這些措施能有效維持病人的睡眠品質與認知功能。
To reduce sensory overload and prevent ICU delirium, nurses should create a calm environment by dimming lights to support circadian rhythms, speaking in low tones, and clustering care to allow uninterrupted rest. Limiting visitors also helps minimize noise and crowding. Continuous television exposure should be avoided as it contributes to overstimulation.