— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師正在為病人給藥,哪些藥物需要兩名護理師雙重確認?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is administering medications to clients. Which clients require double-checking by another nurse prior to administration? (Select all that apply.)
- AIntravenous heparin✓ 正解靜脈注射肝素
- BSubcutaneous insulin✓ 正解皮下注射胰島素
- COral acetaminophen口服乙醯胺酚
- DIntravenous chemotherapy✓ 正解靜脈注射化學治療藥物
- EIntravenous potassium chloride✓ 正解靜脈注射氯化鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高警訊藥物(High-alert medications)若給藥錯誤可能導致病人嚴重傷害。根據 ISMP 指引,肝素(抗凝血劑)、胰島素(降血糖)、化學治療藥物(細胞毒性)以及濃縮鉀離子溶液,皆屬於必須執行「雙重核對」的高風險藥物。口服普拿疼通常無需雙簽。
Heparin, insulin, intravenous chemotherapy, and concentrated potassium chloride are high-alert medications with a high risk of causing severe patient harm if errors occur. These agents require independent double-checking by another nurse before administration to ensure safety.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院廣泛落實「獨立雙重核對」制度;台灣醫院評鑑亦要求高警訊用藥雙簽,但在人力吃緊時執行落實度不一。