— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
氣喘病人獲醫囑開立類固醇吸入劑。護理師應指導哪項措施以預防局部副作用？
A patient with asthma is prescribed a corticosteroid inhaler. Which instruction should the nurse provide to prevent local adverse effects?
- AAvoid drinking water for one hour after use使用後一小時內避免喝水
- BInhale the medication as quickly as possible盡可能快速吸入藥物
- CRinse the mouth with water after each use✓ 正解每次使用後以清水漱口
- DUse the inhaler only when experiencing dyspnea仅在出現呼吸困難時使用吸入器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
吸入型類固醇（Inhaled Corticosteroids, ICS）是氣喘長期控制的核心藥物。由於藥物直接噴灑於口腔與咽喉黏膜，若未正確清除殘留，會抑制局部免疫反應，大幅增加口腔念珠菌感染（Oral Candidiasis，俗稱鵝口瘡）及聲音沙啞（Dysphonia）的風險。護理指導的核心在於衛生習慣的落實，確保藥物僅作用於肺部氣管，而非滯留於口腔黏膜。
Rinsing the mouth with water after each use of an inhaled corticosteroid is essential to prevent local adverse effects such as oral candidiasis (thrush) and dysphonia. This practice ensures that residual medication is cleared from the oral mucosa, minimizing the risk of fungal infection while maintaining therapeutic efficacy in the lungs.