— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人術後感到劇烈疼痛,護理師採取哪種疼痛評估策略最有效?
A client is complaining of severe pain after abdominal surgery. Which pain assessment strategy is most effective for the nurse to implement?
- ABelieve the client's self-report of pain✓ 正解相信病人對疼痛的主觀報告
- BAsk family members to describe the client's pain level請家屬描述病人的疼痛程度
- CEvaluate the client's facial expressions and body language評估病人的面部表情和肢體語言
- DObserve the client's vital signs for changes觀察病人生命徵象的變化
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
疼痛評估的黃金法則(Gold standard)為「病人的主訴」。疼痛是一種主觀感受,沒有任何生理指標(如血壓、心跳)能完全準確地反映病人的痛感。護理師的職責是相信病人的陳述,並使用標準化的疼痛量表進行評估。如果護理師僅依賴生命徵象來評估疼痛,極易導致疼痛管理不足,因為病人可能因適應疼痛而生命徵象穩定,但不代表不痛。
Pain is a subjective experience, making the client's self-report the most reliable and valid indicator of pain intensity. Nurses should believe the client's description and use standardized scales rather than relying solely on objective signs like vital signs or behavioral cues.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理實務中,疼痛被視為「第五個生命徵象」(The 5th Vital Sign),評估疼痛是每個班次的標準程序,且必須記錄在病歷中,這與台灣目前臨床對疼痛管理的重視程度一致。