— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位病人被處方 warfarin。護理師應教導病人向醫護人員報告下列何者？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed warfarin. The nurse should educate the client to report which of the following to the healthcare provider? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncreased bruising✓ 正解瘀青增加
- BSharp, severe headache✓ 正解尖銳且嚴重的頭痛
- CBlood in urine or stool✓ 正解尿液或糞便中有血
- DNosebleeds lasting longer than 10 minutes✓ 正解鼻出血持續超過10分鐘
- EFeeling generally well感覺整體良好
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
所有選項 A-D 均為出血的潛在徵兆，需要立即報告。A (瘀青)、B (頭痛，可能為腦出血)、C (血尿/血便)、D (鼻出血時間長) 都指示抗凝血作用可能過強。E (感覺良好) 則非需要報告的異常情況。
Clients taking warfarin should report signs of bleeding, including increased bruising, severe headaches indicating potential intracranial hemorrhage, blood in urine or stool, and prolonged nosebleeds. These symptoms suggest excessive anticoagulation and require immediate medical evaluation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國的病患支持團體會提供關於抗凝血治療的詳細資訊；台灣的病人則可能依賴醫師的口頭說明和醫院衛教單張。