護理師指導病人使用硝化甘油貼片緩解心絞痛，下列哪些指導正確？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of nitroglycerin patches for angina. Which instructions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply the patch to a hairless area✓ 正解將貼片貼於無毛髮區域
- BRotate application sites to prevent skin irritation✓ 正解輪替施用部位以預防皮膚刺激
- CWear the patch for 24 hours continuously連續佩戴貼片 24 小時
- DRemove the patch if you experience a headache若出現頭痛則移除貼片
- EApply the new patch at the same time each day✓ 正解每天固定時間貼上新的貼片
硝化甘油貼片（Nitroglycerin patch）治療心絞痛需建立「無藥物間隔期」（通常 10-12 小時），否則會因受體飽和產生耐藥性。應定期輪替貼敷部位預防皮膚紅腫，選擇毛髮少處增進吸收。固定時間替換以維持血中濃度穩定。頭痛是常見副作用（血管擴張），不應自行停藥。護理師需確認病人理解這些關鍵原則，以確保藥效並減少耐藥風險。
Treating angina with a nitroglycerin patch requires a drug-free interval (usually 10-12 hours); otherwise, receptor saturation produces tolerance. Application sites should be rotated regularly to prevent skin redness and swelling, and areas with little hair should be chosen to enhance absorption. The patch should be changed at fixed times to maintain stable blood levels. Headache is a common side effect (due to vasodilation), and the patient should not discontinue the medication on their own. The nurse must confirm that the patient understands these key principles to ensure efficacy and reduce the risk of tolerance.