一位正在接受靜脈輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）的病人，護理師發現其臉部、頸部與上胸部出現突發性潮紅。護理師首要行動為何？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of vancomycin. The nurse notes the client has developed sudden flushing of the face, neck, and upper chest. What is the nurse's priority action?
- ANotify the healthcare provider通知醫療提供者
- BAdminister an antihistamine給予抗組織胺
- CStop the infusion immediately立即停止輸注
- DSlow the rate of infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
萬古黴素（Vancomycin）輸注過快常引起「紅人症候群」（Red Man Syndrome），這是由於組織胺快速釋放所致的類過敏反應。其特徵為臉部、頸部及上半身的潮紅、搔癢。處置策略為減慢輸注速度（通常建議輸注時間至少 60 分鐘以上），若症狀緩解則可繼續，不必立即停止給藥，除非出現嚴重過敏反應（如低血壓、呼吸困難）。
Infusing vancomycin too rapidly often causes 'Red Man Syndrome,' a pseudo-allergic reaction due to rapid histamine release. It is characterized by flushing and itching of the face, neck, and upper body. Management is to slow the infusion rate (usually recommended to be an infusion time of at least 60 minutes or longer); if symptoms resolve, the infusion can continue, and there is no need to discontinue the medication immediately unless severe allergic manifestations (such as hypotension or dyspnea) occur.