— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位 50 歲女性詢問乳房攝影。下列哪項是給予一般風險者的正確建議?
A 50-year-old female asks about mammography. Which is the correct guidance for average-risk individuals?
- AEvery 5 years after menopause停經後每 5 年一次
- BEvery year starting at age 30從 30 歲起每年一次
- COnly if a lump is felt僅在摸到腫塊時
- DEvery 2 years between ages 50 and 74✓ 正解50 歲至 74 歲之間每 2 年一次
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
乳房攝影(Mammography)是乳癌篩檢的關鍵。針對一般風險(Average-risk)女性,美國預防服務工作小組(USPSTF)目前的建議是 50-74 歲每兩年進行一次。護理師在衛教時需區分「篩檢」與「診斷」,篩檢針對無症狀者,而若有硬塊則需直接轉介進行診斷性檢查(Diagnostic mammography),而非等待常規篩檢。
The USPSTF recommends biennial mammography screening for average-risk women aged 50 to 74 years. Nursing education must distinguish between screening for asymptomatic individuals and diagnostic evaluation for those with palpable lumps, which requires immediate referral rather than waiting for routine screening.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國對於 40-50 歲女性的篩檢建議較為分歧(部分組織建議 40 歲開始),但 50-74 歲每兩年一次是主流共識。台灣健保提供 45-69 歲婦女每兩年一次免費乳房攝影,家族史者可提前至 40 歲。