護理師正為一群年輕人進行健康篩檢。為了促進長期健康，應優先考慮該年齡層的哪項篩檢項目？
A nurse is conducting a health screening for a group of young adults. Which screening test is prioritized for this age group to promote long-term health?
- AProstate-specific antigen (PSA) testing前列腺特異性抗原（PSA）檢測
- BSexually Transmitted Infection (STI) screening✓ 正解性傳染病（STI）篩檢
- CDEXA scan for bone density骨密度 DEXA 掃描
- DColonoscopy大腸鏡檢查
健康促進必須依據年齡層的風險特徵來進行。年輕人（Young adults，約 18-35 歲）是性活躍期的高峰，STI 的盛行率在此族群最高且常無症狀，若未及時發現可能導致不孕或慢性盆腔發炎。因此，選項 B 是該年齡層的優先項目。選項 A（PSA）通常針對 50 歲以上男性；選項 D（大腸鏡）建議從 45 歲開始；選項 C（骨密度）則針對停經後女性或高風險長者。護理師在進行健康促進時，應識別不同生命階段的「最高風險因素」，並據此分配篩檢資源。這題考驗的是對不同年齡層流行病學特徵的掌握。
Health promotion must be tailored to the risk profile of each age group. Young adults (approximately 18-35 years) are at the peak of sexual activity, and the prevalence of STIs is highest in this group and often asymptomatic; failure to detect them in time may lead to infertility or chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. Therefore, option B is the priority for this age group. Option A (PSA) typically targets men older than 50; option D (colonoscopy) is recommended starting at age 45; option C (bone density) targets postmenopausal women or high-risk older adults. When conducting health promotion, the nurse should identify the highest-risk factor at each life stage and allocate screening resources accordingly. This question tests command of the epidemiologic features of different age groups.
美國護理實務中，對於年輕人的 STI 篩檢常包含在大學入學或年度體檢中，且強調「Opt-out」機制；台灣雖然也推廣篩檢，但受限於文化保守性，護理師在詢問與衛教時需更注重隱私與非歧視性的環境營造。