— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位病人血糖值為 45 mg/dL,護理師預期會發現哪些症狀?
A client presents with a blood glucose of 45 mg/dL. Which symptoms should the nurse expect to find?
- APolyuria and polydipsia多尿與口渴
- BDiaphoresis and tremors✓ 正解盜汗與顫抖
- CDeep, rapid respirations深而快的呼吸
- DWarm, dry skin溫熱且乾燥的皮膚
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖(血糖 < 70 mg/dL)會觸發交感神經反應,導致典型的冷汗(Diaphoresis)、發抖(Tremors)、心悸、飢餓感。多尿與渴(Polyuria, Polydipsia)是高血糖的症狀;Kussmaul 呼吸(深快呼吸)常見於糖尿病酮酸中毒(DKA);溫暖乾燥皮膚通常與高血糖或脫水有關。
Hypoglycemia triggers a sympathetic nervous system response, resulting in symptoms such as diaphoresis (sweating), tremors, palpitations, and hunger. Polyuria, polydipsia, Kussmaul respirations, and warm, dry skin are characteristic signs of hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, not low blood glucose.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師在血糖過低時有明確的 protocol 可直接給予碳水化合物(如蘋果汁或口服糖);台灣通常亦同,但執行前仍偏向確認醫囑。