護理師照護一位剛接受全髖關節置換術的病人。下列哪種擺位策略對於預防人工關節脫位最為優先？
A nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone a total hip arthroplasty. Which positioning strategy is the highest priority to prevent prosthesis dislocation?
- AMaintain the hip in abduction using an abduction pillow✓ 正解使用外展枕維持髖關節外展位。
- BEncourage flexion of the hip beyond 90 degrees鼓勵髖關節屈曲超過90度。
- CPosition the client on the operative side for comfort讓病人側臥於手術側以保持舒適。
- DKeep the affected hip in adduction with pillows用枕頭使患側髖關節保持內收位。
全髖關節置換術後，術側髖關節過度內收或屈曲超過 90 度均會增加假體脫位風險。使用外展枕可維持髖關節在正確的解剖位置，防止股骨頭從關節窩滑出。術後應避免患側側臥，且床頭抬高角度需嚴格控制，以保障手術效果並降低併發症。
Maintaining the hip in abduction with an abduction pillow is the priority intervention to prevent prosthesis dislocation by keeping the femoral head securely seated in the acetabulum. Hip flexion beyond 90 degrees and adduction significantly increase the risk of displacement. Patients should avoid lying on the operative side, and strict adherence to positioning guidelines is necessary to ensure surgical success and minimize complications.
美國醫院多使用專用外展枕（abduction pillow），台灣醫院有時使用一般枕頭替代，但在術後活動指導上兩者皆極為重視防脫位衛教。