— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位患有強迫症（OCD）的病人花數小時洗手。在治療初期，護理師最合適的措施為何？
A client with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) spends hours washing hands. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate during the initial phase of treatment?
- APrevent the client from washing hands to stop the behavior阻止病人洗手以停止該行為
- BExplain the irrationality of the hand-washing ritual解釋洗手儀式的非理性
- CAllow time for the ritual while gradually limiting the duration✓ 正解允許進行儀式但逐漸限制時間
- DIgnore the hand-washing behavior to discourage repetition忽略洗手行為以減少重複
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
強迫症（OCD）病人的儀式化行為（如洗手）是為了緩解內在的焦慮。在治療初期，若強行中斷這些儀式，會導致病人極度焦慮甚至驚恐。正確的處理方式是接納其行為，但在結構化的限制下，採取「漸進式減少（Gradual exposure and response prevention）」的策略，將焦點轉移至其他活動，最終目標是降低對儀式的依賴。
In the initial phase of OCD treatment, abruptly stopping rituals can cause severe anxiety; instead, nurses should allow the behavior while gradually limiting its duration. This approach helps the client tolerate anxiety and reduces dependence on compulsive actions through structured, gradual exposure.