護理師為新診斷糖尿病的病人進行出院衛教，下列哪些指導有助於降低足部併發症的風險？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge education to a client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should be included in the teaching to reduce the risk of foot complications? (Select all that apply.)
- AInspect feet daily for redness or sores✓ 正解每日檢查雙腳是否有紅腫或潰瘍
- BSoak feet in warm water for 30 minutes daily每日用溫水泡腳30分鐘
- CWear well-fitted, closed-toe shoes✓ 正解穿著合腳且包覆鞋頭的鞋子
- DCut toenails straight across✓ 正解將指甲平直修剪
- EApply lotion between the toes在趾間塗抹乳液
糖尿病足部照護重點為預防傷口與感染。每日檢視足部可及早發現病灶；穿著合腳鞋具避免摩擦；指甲平剪避免嵌甲。浸泡熱水易導致皮膚浸潤受損，且糖尿病病人對溫度敏感度差，易遭燙傷；趾間塗乳液會導致潮濕，增加黴菌感染風險。
To reduce the risk of foot complications, clients with diabetes should inspect their feet daily for injuries, wear well-fitted closed-toe shoes to prevent pressure ulcers, and cut toenails straight across to avoid ingrown nails. Soaking feet in warm water should be avoided as it can cause skin maceration and increase infection risk, while applying lotion between the toes creates a moist environment conducive to fungal growth.
美國有專門的糖尿病衛教師 (CDE) 負責，台灣目前多由門診護理師或糖尿病共照網護理師執行，資源分配略有不同。