— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
針對低血鈣的病人，護理師應監測哪些表現？（選所有適合的）
Which manifestations should the nurse monitor for in a client with hypocalcemia? (Select all that apply.)
- APositive Trousseau's sign✓ 正解Trousseau氏徵呈陽性
- BPositive Chvostek's sign✓ 正解Chvostek氏徵呈陽性
- CMuscle tremors and cramps✓ 正解肌肉震顫和痙攣
- DHypertension高血壓
- EProlonged QT interval✓ 正解QT間期延長
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血鈣導致神經肌肉興奮性增加，出現 Trousseau's 徵象（測量血壓時手腕痙攣）與 Chvostek's 徵象（敲擊顏面神經時臉部抽搐）。肌肉痙攣與抽搐也是常見表現，並伴隨心電圖 QT 間期延長。低血鈣通常不會造成高血壓，反而可能導致低血壓。
Manifestations of hypocalcemia include positive Trousseau’s and Chvostek’s signs, muscle tremors, and cramps due to increased neuromuscular excitability. Electrocardiogram changes such as a prolonged QT interval are also common indicators of this electrolyte imbalance. Hypocalcemia typically does not cause hypertension; instead, it may lead to hypotension or other cardiovascular effects.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆高度依賴 Trousseau 與 Chvostek 指標進行初步評估。