— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師照護疑似急性胰臟炎的病人，預期會出現哪些診斷數據？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing care to a client with suspected acute pancreatitis. Which diagnostic findings would the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)
- AElevated serum amylase level✓ 正解血清澱粉酶水平升高
- BDecreased serum lipase level血清脂肪酶水平降低
- CElevated serum glucose level✓ 正解血清葡萄糖水平升高
- DDecreased white blood cell count白血球計數降低
- EElevated serum lipase level✓ 正解血清脂肪酶水平升高
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎導致胰臟酵素外漏至血液，澱粉酶（Amylase）與脂肪酶（Lipase）顯著升高。此外，胰島功能受損常導致高血糖。白血球通常會隨發炎反應升高（而非下降）。脂肪酶對胰臟炎的診斷特異性較澱粉酶高。
Acute pancreatitis causes pancreatic enzymes to leak into the bloodstream, leading to significantly elevated serum amylase and lipase levels. Lipase is particularly specific for pancreatic tissue injury. Furthermore, damage to the pancreatic islets often results in decreased insulin production, causing elevated serum glucose levels, while inflammation typically triggers leukocytosis rather than a decreased white blood cell count.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地臨床皆依賴 Amylase/Lipase 診斷，台灣醫師常用腹部超音波確認，美國則常搭配電腦斷層（CT）。