護理師照護一位薦骨壓力性損傷的病人，下列哪些護理措施應包含在照護計畫中？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a pressure ulcer on the sacrum. Which nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AReposition the client every 2 hours✓ 正解每 2 小時為病人翻身
- BMassage the reddened area to improve circulation按摩發紅區域以促進循環
- CMaintain the head of the bed at 45 degrees or higher將床頭維持在 45 度或更高
- DUse moisture-barrier ointment on the skin✓ 正解在皮膚上使用防潮屏障藥膏
- EProvide a high-protein, high-calorie diet✓ 正解提供高蛋白、高熱量飲食
薦骨壓力性損傷的護理計畫需全面性介入。每兩小時翻身以減壓、使用阻隔霜（Moisture-barrier ointment）預防失禁性皮膚炎、提供高蛋白與高熱量飲食以維持組織修復所需的能量與原料。按摩紅腫處會造成進一步血管損傷，禁止執行。床頭抬高應維持 30 度以下，超過 30 度會導致身體下滑，產生剪力（Shear）損害皮下組織。
Effective management of a sacral pressure ulcer involves relieving pressure through repositioning every two hours and protecting the skin with moisture-barrier ointments to prevent further breakdown. Adequate nutrition, specifically a high-protein and high-calorie diet, is vital to support tissue repair and healing. Interventions such as massaging reddened areas or elevating the head of the bed above 30 degrees should be avoided, as they can damage fragile capillaries or increase shear forces.