— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在接受靜脈輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin）。出現下列何種症狀時，顯示病人正發生紅人症候群？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of vancomycin. Which finding indicates the client is experiencing Red Man Syndrome?
- ASevere hypotension and tachycardia嚴重低血壓和心搏過速
- BFlushing of the face, neck, and upper torso✓ 正解臉部、頸部和上半身潮紅
- CSudden onset of diffuse hives and pruritus突然發作的全身性蕁麻疹和搔癢
- DDifficulty breathing and wheezing呼吸困難和哮鳴
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群是因萬古黴素輸注速度過快引起的組織胺釋放。典型症狀為臉部、頸部及上半身潮紅與搔癢。D、C、A 項多為嚴重的過敏反應（Anaphylaxis），而非單純的紅人症候群；針對紅人症候群，首要處理是減慢或停止輸注，並諮詢醫師。
Red Man Syndrome is caused by rapid infusion of vancomycin leading to histamine release, resulting in erythema and flushing of the face, neck, and upper torso. Unlike true anaphylaxis, it does not typically involve respiratory distress or hypotension as primary early signs.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆採輸注速度控制，台灣護理師執行前多會確認輸注時間（通常 1 小時以上）以預防此情況。