— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位置入傑克森-普拉特（JP）引流管的術後病人。下列哪項行動是預防感染的優先事項？
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has a JP drain. Which action is priority to prevent infection?
- AEmpty the reservoir when it is one-half to two-thirds full當收集瓶裝至一半至三分之二滿時排空引流液
- BMaintain the drain in a compressed state to ensure suction✓ 正解維持引流管處於壓縮狀態以確保吸引效果
- CClean the insertion site with hydrogen peroxide daily每日以雙氧水清潔插入部位
- DSecure the drain to the client's skin using a suture使用縫線將引流管固定在病人皮膚上
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
維持引流管負壓狀態（壓縮狀態）能有效排除傷口積液與血液，減少細菌培養基質的積聚。這是維持引流功能的核心，直接降低手術部位感染風險。其他選項如清空引流管需依賴無菌技術，但壓縮負壓才是預防積液造成的感染關鍵。
Maintaining the drain in a compressed state ensures continuous negative pressure, which is essential for effective drainage and preventing fluid accumulation. Seromas and hematomas can serve as breeding grounds for bacteria, increasing the risk of surgical site infection. Therefore, preserving suction is the primary nursing action to prevent infection associated with the drain.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常執行引流管護理與評估，台灣臨床護理師常需遵醫囑進行傷口換藥與引流管路清潔。