— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · SATA —
護理師應採取哪些措施預防病人跌倒?(選所有適合的)
Which actions should the nurse take to prevent a client from falling in the hospital? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the bed in the lowest position✓ 正解保持病床處於最低位置
- BApply restraints to all clients over 70對所有 70 歲以上的客戶施加約束
- CKeep the call light within the client's reach✓ 正解將呼叫鈴放在客戶伸手可及之處
- DEncourage the client to use nonslip footwear✓ 正解鼓勵客戶穿著防滑鞋
- EEnsure the path to the bathroom is clear of clutter✓ 正解確保通往浴室的路徑無雜物阻礙
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防住院病人跌倒需採取多面向的預防策略(Fall precautions)。核心原則包括降低重心(床位調低)、維持環境清晰(移除障礙物)、增加輔助穩定度(防滑鞋)以及確保個案在需要協助時能及時呼叫(呼叫鈴)。約束(Restraints)是最後手段,僅在病人有生命危險且其他方法無效時才考慮,非預防跌倒的常規手段。
To prevent falls, the nurse should keep the bed in the lowest position, ensure the call light is within reach, encourage nonslip footwear, and maintain a clutter-free environment. Restraints are not a routine preventative measure for falls and should only be considered as a last resort when other interventions fail and the client is at imminent risk of harm.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國醫院,根據 Joint Commission 的病人安全目標(NPSG),跌倒預防是必須評估的項目。通常會使用 Morse Fall Scale 等量表評估風險,並在床頭掛上警示標誌(如黃色手環或警示燈)。