— 安全與感染控制 · HARD · MCQ —
當醫院隔離病房有限時，護理師應優先將哪位病人安排在隔離病房？
Which client should the nurse prioritize for room placement in a hospital with limited isolation rooms?
- AA client with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection患有單純性尿路感染的病人
- BA client with gastroenteritis due to E. coli患有大腸桿菌腸胃炎的病人
- CA client with chronic wound infection患有慢性傷口感染的病人
- DA client with active pulmonary tuberculosis✓ 正解患有活動性肺結核的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核（Pulmonary TB）是典型的空氣傳播（Airborne）疾病。空氣傳播的病原體體積微小，可長時間懸浮於空氣中，普通病房的通風無法有效隔離。因此，這類病人必須優先安置於具備負壓循環（Negative pressure）的隔離病房，並由工作人員佩戴 N95 口罩，以保護其他病人與醫護人員的安全。
Active pulmonary tuberculosis requires airborne precautions because the bacteria are transmitted through tiny droplet nuclei that remain suspended in the air. Therefore, this client must be prioritized for a negative-pressure isolation room to prevent the spread of infection to others.