— 心理社會完整性 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師向青少年團體進行憂鬱症危險因子的衛教。應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about risk factors for developing depression. Which of the following should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AFamily history of mood disorders✓ 正解情緒障礙的家族病史
- BExposure to physical or sexual abuse✓ 正解遭受身體或性虐待的經歷
- CHigh level of academic achievement高水平的學業成就
- DChronic health problems✓ 正解慢性疾病問題
- ELack of a supportive social network✓ 正解缺乏支持性的社交網絡
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
青少年憂鬱症的成因多樣，遺傳因素（A）、創傷經驗（B）、慢性病（D）及缺乏社交支持（E）均為顯著危險因子。高學業成就（C）並非憂鬱症的危險因子，反之，個案常因學習困難或學業壓力導致自尊低落，才是需關注的問題。
Risk factors for adolescent depression include genetic predisposition through family history, exposure to trauma such as abuse, chronic health conditions, and lack of a supportive social network. High academic achievement is not a risk factor; instead, learning difficulties or excessive academic pressure contributing to low self-esteem are more commonly associated with depressive symptoms.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對於校園憂鬱防治皆重視，但美國更強調學校諮商師的介入，台灣則多透過輔導室或家醫科系統轉介。