— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師透過鼻胃管（NG）給予病人多種藥物。下列哪些護理措施是正確的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is administering multiple medications to a client via a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which nursing actions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- ACrush all medications together to save time將所有藥物一起研磨以節省時間
- BFlush the tube with 15-30 mL of water before and after each medication✓ 正解在每種藥物前後以 15-30 mL 水沖洗管路
- CVerify tube placement before administering the first dose✓ 正解給藥前確認管路位置
- DMix the medication with the enteral feeding formula將藥物與腸道營養配方混合
- EAssess for gastric residual volume per institutional policy✓ 正解依機構政策評估胃餘量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
經鼻胃管給藥需嚴格遵守給藥安全原則。給藥前必須確認管路位置（透過 pH 值測試或影像確認），以防誤入氣管導致吸入性肺炎。藥物應分開給予並於每種藥物間使用 15-30 mL 水沖洗，以防藥物間交互作用或管路堵塞。同時應評估胃餘量（Residual volume），若過高則需依機構規範暫緩給藥，以防嘔吐與吸入風險。藥物絕對不可混入腸道營養配方中，以免發生凝固反應。
The nurse must verify tube placement before administration to prevent aspiration and flush the tube with water before and after each medication to ensure proper delivery and prevent clogging. Additionally, assessing gastric residual volume helps determine tolerance to enteral feeding, while mixing medications with formula or crushing all drugs together is unsafe due to potential interactions and absorption issues.