— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位診斷為急性呼吸窘迫症候群(ARDS)的病患,下列哪項發現為其典型特徵?
A client is diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which finding is a hallmark of this condition?
- ARespiratory alkalosis呼吸性鹼中毒
- BBradypnea呼吸過緩
- CProductive cough with yellow sputum伴有黃色痰液的產痰性咳嗽
- DRefractory hypoxemia✓ 正解難治性低血氧症
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
ARDS 的關鍵特徵是「難治性低血氧」(Refractory hypoxemia),即給予高濃度氧氣仍無法改善血氧飽和度,這是肺泡膜受損導致嚴重換氣功能障礙的結果。B 通常見於肺炎;C 不符合ARDS初期的過度換氣;D 是呼吸性鹼中毒初期現象,但非定義性特徵。
The hallmark of ARDS is refractory hypoxemia, where oxygen saturation remains low despite high concentrations of supplemental oxygen. This results from severe ventilation-perfusion mismatch and impaired gas exchange due to alveolar membrane damage.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 ICU 護理師對於 ARDS 的俯臥位通氣 (Prone positioning) 護理介入極為熟練,台灣亦逐漸推廣。