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生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA

病人正在接受輸血,下列哪些發現代表發生溶血性輸血反應?(選所有適合的)

A client is receiving a blood transfusion. Which of the following findings would indicate a hemolytic reaction? (Select all that apply.)

  • ALower back pain✓ 正解
    下背痛
  • BFlushing of the face✓ 正解
    面部潮紅
  • CChills and fever✓ 正解
    畏寒和發燒
  • DHypotension✓ 正解
    低血壓
  • EBradycardia
    心搏過緩
Explanation · 中文詳解

急性溶血性反應常在輸血初期發生,因輸入血液與病人的 ABO 血型不合,導致紅血球被摧毀。典型症狀包括腰背部疼痛(腎臟微血管栓塞)、潮紅、發燒、寒顫、低血壓、呼吸困難及心搏過速。心搏過緩(E)並非溶血反應特徵,反而常因代償作用出現心搏過速。發生時應立即停止輸血,更換輸液管組,並以生理食鹽水維持靜脈路徑。

Signs of a hemolytic reaction include lower back pain from renal vascular obstruction, facial flushing, chills, fever, and hypotension. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is expected due to the systemic inflammatory response and circulatory compromise.

✦ 台美臨床差異

台美兩地輸血流程均嚴格要求雙人核對,台灣針對過敏反應的備藥處置流程更為嚴謹。

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